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كَربَلَاء
Karbalāʾ

Karbala is located in Iraq

Location in Iraq
Coordinates: 32°37′N 44°02′E
Country Iraq
Governorate Karbala
Settled 690 CE
Population (2014)
• Total 690,100
Karbala (Arabic: كَرْبَلَاء‎, Karbalā’, Persian: کربلاء) is a city in central Iraq, located about 100 km (62 mi) southwest of Baghdad, and a few miles east of Lake Milh.[2][3] Karbala is the capital of Karbala Governorate, and has an estimated population of 700 thousand people (2015).

The city, best known as the location of the Ma'rakat Karbalā'(Arabic: مَعرَكة كَـربَـلَاء‎, Battle of Karbala) in 680 CE, or the Masjidayn (Arabic: مَـسـجِـدَيـن‎, two mosques) of Imam Husayn and Abbas,[4][5] is considered a holy city for Shi'ite Muslims in the same vein as Mecca, Medina and Jerusalem. Tens of millions of Shi'ite Muslims visit the site twice a year, rivaling Mecca as a place of pilgrimage.[6][7][8][9] The martyrdom of Imam Husayn ibn Ali is commemorated annually by millions of Shi'ites.[10][11][12][13] Up to 8 million pilgrims visit the city to observe ‘Āshūrā’ (Arabic: عَـاشُـورَاء‎, "Tenth Day" {of the month of Muharram}), which marks the anniversary of Imam Husayn's death, but the main event is the Arba‘īn (Arabic: أَربَـعِـيـن‎, 40th day after Ashura), where up to 30 million visit the holy graves. Most of the pilgrims travel on foot from all around Iraq and more than 56 countries
Etymology

There are many opinions among different investigators, as to the origin of the word "Karbala". Some have pointed out that "Karbala" has a connection to the "Karbalato" language, while others attempt to derive the meaning of word "Karbala" by analyzing its spelling and language. They conclude that it originates from the Arabic word "Kar Babel" which was a group of ancient Babylonian villages that included Nainawa, Al-Ghadiriyya, Karbella (Karb Illu. as in Arba Illu [Arbil]), Al-Nawaweess, and Al-Heer. This last name is today known as Al-Hair and is where Imam Imam Hussain ibn Ali's grave is located.

The investigator Yaqut al-Hamawy had pointed out that the meaning of "Karbala" could have several explanations, one of which is that the place where Imam Hussain ibn Ali was martyred is made of soft earth—"Al-Karbalat".

According to Shi'ite belief, the archangel Gabriel narrated the true meaning of the name Karbalā’ to Muhammad: a combination of karb (Arabic: كَـرب‎, the land which will cause many agonies) and balā’ (Arabic: بَـلاء‎, afflictions)."
Battle of Karbala
Main article: Battle of Karbala
Destruction of the Tomb of Husain at Karbala on the orders of Caliph al-Mutawakkil.

Karbala's prominence in Shia traditions is the result of the Battle of Karbala, fought on the site of the modern city on October 10, 680 AD (10 Muharram 61 AH). Both Imam Hussein ibn Ali and his brother Abbas ibn Ali were buried by the local Banī Asad tribe, at what later became known as the Mashhad Al-Hussein. The battle itself occurred as a result of Husain's refusal of Yazid I's demand for allegiance to his caliphate. The Kufan governor, Ubaydallah ibn Ziyad, sent thirty thousand horsemen against Imam Hussein as he traveled to Kufa. The horsemen, under 'Umar ibn Sa'd, were ordered to deny Imam Hussein and his followers water in order to force Imam Hussein to agree to give an oath of allegiance. On the 9th of Muharram, Imam Hussein refused, and asked to be given the night to pray. On 10 Muharram, Imam Hussein ibn Ali prayed the morning prayer and led his troops into battle along with his brother Abbas. Many of Hussein's followers, including all of his present sons Ali Akbar, Ali Asghar (six months old) and his nephews Qassim, Aun and Muhammad were killed.[18]

In 63 AH (682 AD), Yazid ibn Mu'awiya released the surviving members of Imam Hussein's family from prison.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
INFO SOURCE :https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karbala: